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Celebrated annually on September 22, World Rhino Day raises awareness about the critical conservation status of rhinoceroses and the myriad threats they face, such as poaching and habitat loss. This day, first initiated by the World Wildlife Fund South Africa in 2010, aims to highlight the need for the conservation of all five species of rhinos: the Javan, Sumatran, Black, Greater One-Horned, and White rhinos.

The Current Status of Rhino Species

• Among the five rhino species, three are classified as
• Critically Endangered: the Black, Javan, and Sumatran rhinos.
• The White Rhino is considered Near Threatened, with the Northern White Rhino itself critically endangered.
• The Greater One-Horned Rhino, primarily found in India, is listed as Vulnerable.

Notably, Kaziranga National Park in Assam is home to the largest population of Greater One-Horned Rhinos, boasting approximately 3,700 individuals.

Conservation Efforts

In India, initiatives like Project Rhino play a crucial role in safeguarding rhino populations. This project focuses on preventing poaching, enhancing habitat management, and increasing public awareness. It collaborates with various conservation groups and government agencies to strengthen law enforcement against poaching and to relocate rhinos to safer areas.

Another significant program is the Indian Rhino Vision 2020 (IRV 2020), aimed at boosting the population of Greater One-Horned Rhinos in Assam, particularly in regions where they had previously become extinct.

Surprising Facts About Rhinos

1. Despite their thick skin, rhinos can get sunburned.
2. Rhinos are related to zebras, horses, and tapirs.
3. All five species are considered endangered.
4. A group of rhinos is called a "crash."
5. Rhinos' horns are made of keratin, the same protein found in human hair and nails.
6. The term "rhinoceros" comes from two Greek words meaning "nose" and "horn."
7. Rhinos and elephants are not natural enemies.
8. One of the most famous depictions of a rhino is Albrecht Dürer's woodcut from 1515.
9. The gestation period for rhinos can last up to 16 months.
10. Rhinos have historically been used in traditional Asian medicine.